Thursday, November 27, 2014

Dvar Torah for Vayetzei

       This week’s parshah, Parshas Vayeitzei, continues Yaakov’s journey to Charan, to Lavan’s house. On the way, he stops to spend the night, and in his dream, Hashem appears to him. Hashem introduces Himself to Yaakov by saying, “ אֲנִי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם אָבִיךָ וֵאלֹהֵי יִצְחָק “I am Hashem, the God of your father Avraham, and the God of Yitzchak…” (Bereishis 28:13). The question here is very obvious, how come Hashem only calls Avraham, Yaakov’s father and not Yitzchak? He could have said it only by Yitzchak or He could have said it by both of them, how come by Yitzchak He didn’t say it at all?
       There are several answers given to this question. A commonly given answer is that this is the pasuk that proves that grandchildren are considered like children, a common idea found in the Torah. It might seem obvious, but without this original source, we wouldn’t know it!
       The Ohr HaChaim offers another explanation. The most valuable inheritance that Yitzchak could offer his children was the inheritance of Avraham that his descendants would become Hashem’s special nation. By saying that Avraham was Yaakov’s father, Hashem is promising Yaakov that he will receive this inheritance. If Hashem would have mentioned Yitzchak as Yaakov’s father, then Avraham’s inheritance could just as easily gone to Esav.
       The Ohr HaChaim asks, by that same reasoning, couldn’t Avraham’s inheritance have gone to Yishmael instead of Yitzchak? How come saying that Avraham is Yaakov’s father solves this problem? The answer is that Yishmael’s mother, Hagar, was a servant in Avraham’s house. As such, he had no right to any inheritance. Esav, however, was the son of Rivka, and had as much right to the inheritance as Yaakov did.


Shabbat Shalom!    


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Thursday, November 20, 2014

Dvar Torah for Parshas Toldos

       This week’s parshah, Parshas Toldos, contains the famous story of Yaakov conspiring with his mother, Rivka, to get the brachos from Yitzchak, instead of Esav. The significance of these brachos is that they promised prosperity and economic success in this world. While Yitzchak was going to give Yaakov the brachos of Avraham, as we see him do at the end of the parshah, those brachos guarantee spiritual greatness and, for reasons we will not go into here (perhaps next year!), Rivka felt that Yaakov needed these brachos as well, and therefore, helped him get them.
       In the second pasuk of the brachos, the pasuk reads, “… אֹרֲרֶיךָ אָרוּר וּמְבָרֲכֶיךָ בָּרוּךְ “…those who curse you shall be cursed, and those who bless you shall be blessed” (Bereishis 27:29). This phrase appears earlier in the Torah; when Hashem blessed Avraham, He said this same line, but backwards; “וַאֲבָרְכָה מְבָרֲכֶיךָ וּמְקַלֶּלְךָ אָאֹר “And I will bless those who bless you, and curse those who curse you” (12:3). Later on in the Torah, when Balaam blesses Bnei Yisrael in the desert, he also uses this phrase, “bless those who bless you,” and follows it with a mention of the curses. What is the difference between the two uses of this phrase?
       Rashi gives an explanation that the Kli Yakar expounds upon. Rashi says that tzaddikim generally do not experience great pleasures in this world, in fact, many times they suffer greatly. However, once they reach the next world, their pleasures far outnumber anything this world has to offer. Because they experience suffering before pleasure, tzaddikim mention the curses before they mention the blessings; this is exactly what Yitzchak did. For reshaim, the opposite is true; they receive all their reward in this world and suffer in the next. Therefore, they mention blessings before curses; this is what Balaam did. The problem with this is that Hashem blessed Avraham by mentioning the blessings first! Obviously, there is a part of Rashi’s explanation that we do not understand.
       The Kli Yakar explains that there are two types of curses and two types of blessings. The first type is actual curses and blessings. The best time to give someone a blessing for good is when they are down and need a pick me up. And when everything is going well for someone, you do not feel an obligation to bless them since they do not really need it! Conversely, the time you want to curse your enemies is at their highest point; after all, what is the point in cursing someone who is already suffering so much! This is why Hashem first promised Avraham blessings and then afterwards promised that He would protect him from curses. While Avraham was suffering in the beginning of his time in Eretz Yisrael, Hashem wanted to make sure that he would be blessed. Later in life, when all would be calm, then people would start wanting to harm Avraham in the time of his contentment, and therefore, Hashem promises Avraham afterwards that He would curse all those who attempt to curse him.
       The curses and blessings mentioned in our parshah are referring to those of a different sort. The curses here do not refer to actual curses, but to people who cause you pain, and the blessings here refer to people who bring you joy. What Yitzchak is blessing Yaakov with is that during his time of pain (which for tzaddikim comes before their time of pleasure), is when anyone who could cause him pain should come. All his potential pain should be used up during the time that is designated for his suffering. Then, during his time of pleasure, everyone who brings him joy should come at that time. All the joy and pleasure should be piled up on top of itself until his entire existence is nothing but pure ecstasy.[1]
       Balaam wanted to do the exact opposite of this to Bnei Yisrael. He wanted their pain to be mixed with joy and their joy to be mixed with pain. Even though the pain might not be as bad, the joy still would not be as good as it could be. That is why he mentioned the blessings before the curses.  
       We can now understand why Hashem mentioned blessings to Avraham before curses, and why Yitzchak did it the opposite way to Yaakov. Perhaps this can also help us understand the age-old question of why great people suffer in this world.

Wishing everyone a wonderful Shabbos!



[1] IMPORTANT TO NOTE: this level of experiencing total suffering before experiencing joy (though it be an extreme joy) is an extremely high level that only the greatest tzaddikim are expected to reach. Even then, the Gemarah tells stories of tzaddikim who did not want to live in this manner. Of course, there were many people who did.



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Thursday, November 13, 2014

Dvar Torah for Parshas Chayei Sarah

       Parshas Chayei Sara begins the next chapter in Jewish history, with the marriage of Yitzchak and Rivka. Avraham sends his trusted servant, Eliezer, to Aram Naharayim to find Yitzchak a wife, while giving him strict instructions on how to do so. Upon arrival at the well outside the city, Eliezer davens to Hashem that He should send him the right girl. Eliezer gives several conditions on how he will know it is the right one. All of these conditions are filled and Eliezer finds Rivka immediately.
       Eliezer goes with Rivka to tell her family the news that he wants her to marry Yitzchak. He proceeds to tell the story of his journey over to the family, beginning from when he got his instructions from Avraham and his prayers to Hashem at the well, until he found Rivka, telling them the exact actions he did during the entire period. In fact, it is pretty much the previous thirty pesukim repeated verbatim! It is very uncharacteristic of the Torah to repeat so many pesukim over again, especially when there does not seem to be any special reason to telling the story over to Rivka’s family.
       Rashi asks this question and gives an answer: “אמר רבי אחא יפה שיחתן של עבדי אבות לפני המקום מתורתן של בנים “Said Rabbi Acha, we see that the conversations of the servants of our forefathers are greater before Hashem than the Torah of their children (because this conversation is recorded in the Torah and many fundamentals of the Torah are learned through allusions)” (Bereishis 24:42). My first reaction when reading this Rashi is what exactly does that mean? There are many laws that we only learn out from extra letters, similar words, and other allusions, while this story is written out completely twice. Why is this so? What is it about a simple story that could be more precious than writing down the exact way to keep the Torah?
       The answer is that there are some things in life that can be learned from books and some things that cannot. Judaism is a very hands-on religion; in order to know how to do it properly, you need someone to show you; but learning out the Torah’s laws is different. Hashem taught Moshe thirteen ways to derive different laws from the Torah, and we use each one of those thirteen many times over in order to learn out every single detail that we need to do the mitzvos perfectly. However, some things cannot be given over through allusions. In order to know the proper way to act, to live, to treat others, to actually perform the mitzvos, we need someone to tell us and show us exactly how to do it. Therefore, in some cases, it was more important to write down the stories of our forefathers that teach us how to act, than to write the actual acts that we must perform.
       So what act do we learn from the story of Eliezer that the Torah needs to repeat it? Let’s take a look at the placement of Rashi’s explanation. Rashi places his answer in pasuk 42, right in the middle of Eliezer’s story. If he wanted to teach us how important this story was, why didn’t he put his explanation at the beginning? Or, in order to summarize this whole episode, why didn’t he place it at the end? The lesson we are supposed to learn must be in that pasuk where Rashi comments.
       The pasuk reads, “וָאָבֹא הַיּוֹם אֶל הָעָיִן וָאֹמַר יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲדֹנִי אַבְרָהָם אִם יֶשְׁךָ נָּא מַצְלִיחַ דַּרְכִּי אֲשֶׁר אָנֹכִי הֹלֵךְ עָלֶיהָ“So I came today to the well, and I said, ‘Hashem, God of my master, Avraham, if you desire to prosper my way upon which I am going” (ibid.). This pasuk describes when Eliezer arrives at the well and begin davening to Hashem that He should help him find the right girl. I believe that the connection here is obvious. The Torah is teaching us that when you are in a time of need, there is one place you can always turn to. Hashem is always waiting to hear your tefillos, no matter how difficult and helpless the situation might seem.
       Eliezer was sent to find Avraham’s family and bring back a girl for Yitzchak to marry. He did not know who they were and he didn’t even think they would be interested in coming with him! Furthermore, how was he supposed to pick the right girl for the son of Avraham, someone who was already a great person in his own right! How in the world was he supposed to find the right girl? He did the only thing he knew to do, he did what he had learned by living in Avraham’s house, in his time of need, he turned to Hashem and davened that everything should go smoothly.
       The connection to us is clear. We must learn from Eliezer and realize that there is one line that is never unavailable, it is our line to Hashem. Let us use this same tool that our Avos used and through tefillah, connect to them and Hashem in ways other things cannot compare.

Shabbat Shalom!

     

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Wednesday, November 12, 2014

We've Reached Twitter!

We are very happy to announce that AIMeM has joined Twitter! We are always looking for ways to improve how we can connect with our readers and we believe this is the next step. By joining Twitter, it enables you to reach the Dvar Torah faster and easier than ever, as well as encourages readers to give us more feedback. Please follow us today at the Twitter handle @AIMeMTorah. We recommend using the hashtags #AIMeM, #AIMeMTorah, and #twittertorah, as well as any you can come up with yourselves! Please let us know what you think of!
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Thursday, November 6, 2014

Dvar Torah for Parshas Vayeira

       This week’s Parshah, Parshas Vayeira, tells the story of Akeidas Yitzchak, when Avraham brought Yitzchak up on Har Hamoriah to be a korban to Hashem. This act showed a tremendous amount of faith in Hashem by both Avraham and Yitzchak. The merit that they both received from their roles in this act has been a source of protection and reward for the Jewish nation throughout the generations and continues until today.
       The story begins when Hashem comes to Avraham and tells him, “וַיֹּאמֶר קַח נָא אֶת בִּנְךָ אֶת יְחִידְךָ אֲשֶׁר אָהַבְתָּ אֶת יִצְחָק וְלֶךְ לְךָ אֶל אֶרֶץ הַמֹּרִיָּה“And He said, ‘Please take your son, your only one, whom you love, Yitzchak, and go to the land of Moriah” (Bereishis 22:2). Based on the usage of the word ‘please, this appears to be, not a command, but a request. Why does Hashem have to request from Avraham to pass this test? And how come He didn’t do this by any of the previous times He tested Avraham? Rashi explains very interestingly; אמר לו בבקשה ממך עמוד לי בזה הנסיון שלא יאמרו הראשונות לה היה בהן ממש“He (God) said, ‘I beg of you, pass this test for Me, so that people should not say that the first [tests] had no substance” (Ibid: Rashi).
        This idea seems strange. Chazal tell us that Hashem gave Avraham ten tests to try his faith, and he passed each one. The Akeidah was the final test and apparently, it was the most important one. It was so important that Hashem pleaded with Avraham to pass it. How come not passing this test would have ruined Avraham’s image from all the previous ones? While the other tests were difficult, none of them compare to taking your only child, who you waited 100 years to have, and killing him! So why should people think less of Avraham for not passing this test?
       On one hand, you can say that the question is the answer; people will not separate the previous nine tests from the Akeidah and therefore, Hashem has to plead with Avraham to pass this final, extremely difficult test. However, there is another message we can take out of this.
       Imagine two best friends, who would do anything for each other. Let’s say one friend comes to the other and asks to borrow $10,000 that he will pay back when he can. The other friend immediately takes out the money without asking any questions and gives it to his friend. The borrower then calls the press and tells them all about his great friend and how he is saving his life. The reporter will say that’s nice and then hang up the phone, he is not that interested in this story, no matter how nice the friend seems. Now, let’s say the friend asks this best friend for a kidney. The friend agrees without any delay, and the surgery is a success. The receiver of the kidney then calls the press and tells them the story. This event is such a big deal, that everyone will be touched at the tremendous friendship these two people share, as well as how deep their relationship goes; the reporter is sure to be interested.
       This is the difference between the first nine tests and the Akeidah. The first nine were tremendous acts of faith shown by Avraham, but most of them could not be seen to be anything extraordinary. The fact that Avraham left his family in Charan, that he was childless for so many years, that the king kidnapped his wife; these were all difficult challenges, but at the end of the day, you could not necessarily see that they tested Avraham’s faith; perhaps they were just bad luck! By the first nine, the only one who truly recognized the depth of Avraham’s faith was Hashem.
       The Akeidah had to be different. The Kli Yakar explains that the purpose of this נסיון, this test, was to raise a נס, a banner, to the world and show everyone how great Avraham was. The ability to sacrifice your only child for the sake of Hashem was something that the entire world could understand and would appreciate how dedicated Avraham was to his faith. This is why the only time the Torah actually tells us explicitly that Hashem was testing Avraham is this one. Because this is the נסיון that will be the נס, this is the test that will show the world who Avraham is. That is why Hashem so badly wanted to be sure that Avraham would pass this test, because this time the true relationship Hashem shared with him would be known to all.
       This same idea applies to us nowadays. Whenever we do mitzvos, we are broadcasting our commitment to Hashem and His Torah. Especially nowadays, this is a tremendous accomplishment! This is not only when we do mitzvos we do among non-Jews, even in our own communities, showing off our strong faith is something we should all be very proud of. But, once in a while, we are put in a situation where we have the opportunity not only to show our nation’s connection to Hashem (by doing it in front of non-Jews), but also to show our personal connection to Hashem (by doing it in front of Jews as well). Sometimes they come in public opportunities, times where we can show the globe our commitment to Hashem. But sometimes these opportunities come in everyday life as well. When we have a chance to stand up for what is right, a chance to do an uncommon mitzvah, a chance to learn Torah instead of doing something else. Acts that may appear normal, but because of the surrounding situation, they show how we, as individuals, are committed to serving Hashem. This is how we show the world our commitment.
       We don’t necessarily need an Akeidah to raise our banner. Any act will do, as long as it is done right. And it is not only non-Jews who need to see this, it is more important to show our own people how we serve Hashem. We need to show how important the mitzvos are, how much we enjoy them, how we will not let anything, big or small, stand in our way of our doing what we should be doing. As long as we do act in the way Avraham did, humbly, without any expectations for personal benefit, with just complete love for Hashem. That is what the Akeidah was about and that’s why it remains a merit for Am Yisrael until this very day. May we be zoche to create our own Akeidahs, and with them, bring the Geulah we all crave.

Shabbat Shalom!       


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